Grade 410
Martensitic stainless · AISI 410 / SAE 51410, UNS S41000, EN 1.4006
Type 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel (General Purpose), martensitic stainless steel.
Data sheet
| Designations | AISI 410 / SAE 51410 · UNS S41000 · EN 1.4006 (X12Cr13) |
|---|---|
| Standards | ASTM A276, ASTM A240, EN 10088-3 |
Metallurgy
Reference data for Type 410 Martensitic Stainless Steel (General Purpose), against ASTM A276, ASTM A240, EN 10088-3.
Elemental composition
X12Cr13 to 1.4006
- Chromium 12,50%11,50–13,50%
- Nickel 0,35%max 0,75%
- Carbon 0,12%0,080–0,15%
- Other additions 1,04%Mn, Si, P, S
- Iron 86,00%Balance
Proportions use the normalised midpoint of each specified range. The midpoint is a derived figure, not something the standard states: read the table for what is actually specified.
Performance profile
Comparative scores out of ten, for weighing one grade against another
These are relative ratings, not measured properties, and they carry no units. Use them to narrow a shortlist, then work from the specified values.
Composition as specified
| Element | Specified | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Iron Fe | Balance | 86,00% |
| Carbon C | 0,080–0,15% | 0,12% |
| Chromium Cr | 11,50–13,50% | 12,50% |
| Nickel Ni | max 0,75%cap | 0,35% |
| Manganese Mn | max 1,00%cap | 0,50% |
| Silicon Si | max 1,00%cap | 0,50% |
| Phosphorus P | max 0,040%cap | 0,020% |
| Sulphur S | max 0,030%cap | 0,015% |
A cap is a ceiling, not a quantity: a heat may contain far less. The nominal column is the midpoint of each range, used for the chart's proportions only.
Mechanical and physical properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength, ultimate | 500 MPa72,5 ksi |
| Yield strength, 0,2% offset | 290 MPa42,1 ksi |
| Elongation at break | 25% |
| Hardness | 160 HBW / 85 HRB |
| Modulus of elasticity | 200 GPa29 Mpsi |
| Density | 7,75 g/cm³0,28 lb/in³ |
| Thermal conductivity | 24,9 W/(m·K)172,6 BTU·in/(hr·ft²·°F) |
| Thermal expansion | 9,9 µm/(m·K)5,5 µin/(in·°F) |
Test condition not yet confirmed. These figures are typical values for the grade; the condition a bar was supplied in changes them materially, so ask us for the mill certificate before designing to a number.
Pitting resistance
PREN 12,5
Cr + 3,3 Mo + 16 N, across the full specified composition
- Freshwater0–20
- Brackish20–32
- Seawater32–40
- Extreme offshoreover 40
A standard states its elements as ranges, so a grade has a window rather than a single score. The bar is that window; the tick is the midpoint.
Corrosion and fabrication
Chloride and marine service
Poor; susceptible to rapid pitting in marine immersion; suitable only for mild rural/industrial atmospheres.
Acidic and chemical media
Resistant to steam, hot gases, fresh water, and mild alkalis; attacked by inorganic acids.
Sensitisation and thermal behaviour
Not traditionally subject to classic austenitic sensitization, but tempering between 400°C–550°C impairs impact toughness and corrosion resistance.
Welding
Poor; air-hardenable martensitic transformation causes severe cold cracking; preheat to 200°C–300°C and post-weld temper required.
Machining and cold forming
Machinability index 55% relative to AISI 1212. Moderate in annealed state; poor once hardened and tempered.
Where it is used
- Steam and gas turbine blades and shrouds
- Petroleum fractionating tower valve trays and pump shafts
- High-tensile fasteners, bolts, and machine screws
- Mining screen frames and scraper blades
Power Generation · Petrochemical · Industrial Machinery · Defense
Performance scores in full
The same six scores the profile plots, as numbers.
| Property | 410 |
|---|---|
| Corrosion resistance | 5 / 10 |
| Weldability | 4.5 / 10 |
| High-temperature resistance | 6.8 / 10 |
| Tensile strength | 7.5 / 10 |
| Cold formability | 5.5 / 10 |
| Machinability | 6.8 / 10 |
This page is guidance for selecting a grade, not a specification. Design to the governing standard and the mill certificate for the heat you are supplied.
The specifications and data on this site are provided for general information only. Verify any real-world project with a qualified metallurgist before relying on these figures. We take no responsibility for the use and application of this information.